Inderal

Generic Name: Propranolol

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Uses

Inderal (propranolol) belongs to a group of drugs called beta-blockers that block Beta-adrenergic receptors present in the heart, liver, pancreas, blood vessels, and the bronchial tree. This blockade of receptors can bring about changes in their function. The use of Inderal has been advised in conditions related to the heart and is limited for individuals experiencing asthma and diabetes.

Although not classified as an anxiolytic (antianxiety and antipanic), this drug is sometimes used “off label” as an anxiolytic to treat anxiety and panic. It is also prescribed, in some cases, to treat tremors and anxiety related to Parkinsonism, migraines, and various heart conditions such as arrhythmia and angina.

How Does Inderal Work?

This medication acts on Beta-1 and Beta-2 receptors in the heart and the bronchial tree. Apart from this, Inderal’s inhibitory activity on the norepinephrine transporter (causing an increase in the release of norepinephrine in synapses) causes stimulation of Alpha-1 adrenoreceptors. This results in a decreased heart rate, which contributes to its anxiolytic effects.

Dosage FAQs

  • What is a safe dose of this drug?
    • Palpitations and anxiety: An initial dose 40 mg once daily can be used to relieve anxiety, sweating, and palpitations. Dosage may be increased to 40 mg, three times daily.
    • Hypertension: Initially, a dose of 80 mg twice daily should be used and it can be increased in weekly intervals to 160 mg to 320 mg.
    • Migraine: Inderal may be used to treat migraines in a loading dose of 40 mg two to three times daily and maintenance doses of 80 mg to 160 mg.
  • How does my body process this drug?
    This medication, when given orally, has its onset in one two hours after administration. When given in a sustained release capsule, the onset time increases to about four hours after administration. The duration of action of this medication is 6 to 12 hours. For the sustained release capsule, it is 24 to 34 hours, after which it is metabolized completely by the liver. Liver disease can decrease metabolism and increase the effects of this drug.
  • Is it safe to use this drug while pregnant?
    The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies this drug in pregnancy category C, which indicates it should only be used during pregnancy if there are no alternatives and the benefits outweigh the risks. In pregnancy category C, drugs have shown adverse effects on the fetus in animal studies, but there are no well-controlled studies available for humans.
  • How can I increase the benefits I experience while being treated with this drug?|
    This medication has off-label use for treating anxiety and panic, both of which are conditions regularly addressed with various types of psychotherapy. If you are prescribed this drug for anxiety or panic, please consider finding a therapist or counselor to complement your drug treatment. A therapist may help you understand what you are experiencing better, teach you healthy coping strategies, and help you develop a good self-care routine to mitigate symptoms in the future.