Overview

Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental health disorder characterized by persistent difficulties with attention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness. While it's called adult ADHD, symptoms typically start in childhood and continue into adulthood. Some cases of ADHD may not be recognized or diagnosed until adulthood. Adult ADHD symptoms may not be as apparent as those in children, with hyperactivity often decreasing while struggles with impulsiveness and attention difficulties persist.

Symptoms

Adult ADHD symptoms can range from mild to severe and may include:

• Impulsiveness
• Disorganization and problems prioritizing
• Poor time management skills
• Difficulty focusing on tasks
• Trouble multitasking
• Excessive activity or restlessness
• Poor planning
• Low frustration tolerance
• Frequent mood swings
• Problems following through and completing tasks
• Hot temper
• Trouble coping with stress

ADHD symptoms should be severe enough to cause ongoing problems in multiple areas of life, and they should be traced back to early childhood for a diagnosis to be made.

Diagnosis and When to See a Doctor

Diagnosing adult ADHD can be challenging, as certain symptoms can overlap with other conditions like anxiety or mood disorders. If ADHD symptoms significantly disrupt your life, talk to a healthcare provider experienced in caring for adults with ADHD.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of ADHD is not clear, but research suggests genetics, certain environmental factors, and problems during development may be involved. Risk factors for ADHD include a family history of ADHD or other mental health disorders, exposure to environmental toxins during childhood, and premature birth.

Complications and Coexisting Conditions

ADHD can lead to various complications, such as poor school or work performance, unemployment, financial problems, legal issues, substance misuse, and unstable relationships. Other disorders often coexist with ADHD, including mood disorders, anxiety disorders, other psychiatric disorders, and learning disabilities.