Overview

Obesity is a complex disease characterized by excessive body fat, and it goes beyond being a cosmetic concern. It's a
serious medical condition that increases the risk of various health problems, including heart disease, diabetes, high
blood pressure, high cholesterol, liver disease, sleep apnea, and certain cancers.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Body mass index (BMI) is commonly used to diagnose obesity. However, BMI doesn't directly measure body fat. People
with high muscle mass may have an elevated BMI even without excess body fat. Waist circumference and body fat
percentage measurements are additional tools to assess obesity and track progress during weight loss programs.

A BMI of 30 or higher is classified as obesity. Asians with a BMI of 23 or higher may have an increased risk of health
problems. It's essential to consult with a healthcare professional to evaluate your health risks and discuss
weight-loss options if needed.

Causes and Risk Factors

Obesity can result from various causes and contributing factors, including genetics, lifestyle choices, certain
medical conditions, social and economic influences, age, and other factors. Family history, unhealthy diet, physical
inactivity, certain medications, and lack of sleep are common risk factors associated with obesity.

Complications

Obesity can lead to severe health complications, such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, various cancers, digestive
problems, sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, fatty liver disease, and an increased risk of severe symptoms from infections
like COVID-19. It can also impact overall quality of life, leading to reduced physical activities, social isolation,
and psychological issues such as depression and guilt.

Treatment and Prevention

The good news is that even modest weight loss can improve or prevent obesity-related health problems. A combination of
a healthier diet, increased physical activity, and behavior changes can help with weight loss. Prescription medicines
and weight-loss procedures are other options for treating obesity when necessary. Prevention involves making healthy
lifestyle choices, avoiding excessive calorie intake, staying physically active, and seeking support when needed.