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Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a chronic brain disorder that causes recurring seizures. Seizures can look very different from the dramatic convulsions people often picture, and accurate diagnosis matters because treatment depends on the type of seizure, its cause and where abnormal brain activity begins.

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Borderline Personality Disorder

Borderline personality disorder affects emotion regulation, self-image and relationships and can involve intense fear of abandonment, impulsivity and self-harm. It is a serious but treatable condition, and structured psychotherapy can lead to substantial improvement.

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Factitious Disorder

Factitious disorder is a serious mental health condition in which a person deliberately falsifies, exaggerates or causes symptoms and presents themselves as ill without an obvious external reward. The behavior can lead to dangerous tests, procedures and self-injury, and treatment works best when clinicians focus on safety and long-term engagement rather than humiliation or confrontation.

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Broken Heart Syndrome (Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy)

Broken heart syndrome, or takotsubo cardiomyopathy, is a temporary heart condition that can occur after intense emotional or physical stress. Its symptoms can look almost identical to a heart attack, so sudden chest pain or shortness of breath should always be treated as an emergency rather than assumed to be stress.

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Female Sexual Dysfunction

Female sexual dysfunction is an umbrella term for persistent problems with sexual desire, arousal, orgasm or pain that cause personal distress. Sexual function is influenced by physical health, hormones, medications, relationships, stress and past experiences, so effective treatment often combines medical care with communication and psychological support.

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Bulimia Nervosa

Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder involving recurrent binge eating and compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, fasting or excessive exercise. The cycle can be hidden from others and can cause serious medical complications, but effective treatment is available.

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Gambling Disorder

Gambling disorder is a behavioral addiction in which gambling becomes difficult to control despite financial, emotional or relationship harm. It is treatable, and recovery can include therapy, financial safeguards, peer support and treatment for co-occurring mental health conditions.

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Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy is a neurological sleep disorder that causes persistent excessive daytime sleepiness and abnormal regulation of REM sleep. Some people also experience cataplexy, sleep paralysis or vivid sleep-related hallucinations, and treatment can improve alertness and daily functioning.

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Stuttering

Stuttering is a speech fluency disorder that can involve repetitions, prolonged sounds and blocks in speech. It is not caused by nervousness or low intelligence, and speech-language therapy can help people communicate more comfortably and reduce the impact stuttering has on daily life.

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Nicotine Dependence and Tobacco Use Disorder

Nicotine dependence is an addiction that can develop with cigarettes, vaping and other nicotine products. Cravings and withdrawal can make quitting difficult, but counseling and proven medications can substantially improve the chances of stopping successfully.

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